Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

A. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, or DMD, is a typical sex-linked disorder that only effects boys. Its very rare that you will find a girl that has this certain disease. A boy inherits DMD from an X chromosome form his mother. There are more then 20 different types of muscular dystrophy in the world and DMD is the most common of them all.

B. The history of this disease has been around since the 1800s. The disease was named after a French neurologist, Duchenne de Boulogne. He would follow every patient, hospital to hospital, that had the unknown disease so that he could learn more about it. Duchenne was also the first to biopsy on a living patient.

C. The symptoms of DMD are unusual ways of walking and running and the boy has a hard time of talking around the age of 3. The calves of the boy would be very large and firm for their age group. Some more symptoms are: gait problems, difficulty of standing, frequent falls, and wasted muscles.

D. What is the cause of DMD? The cause for DMD is the mutation of a gene that produces dystrophin, which is a protein found in the sarcolemma of normal muscles.

E. Doctors use 2 different tests to diagnosis a patient. These 2 tests, CPK and DNA, can tell how many carriers there are, if the patient has DMD or BMD, and if there is any muscular damage to the body.

F. So far, there are no cures for DMD but there are a couple of ways to slow down the progress of the muscular disorder such as physical therapy and taking steroids.

G. There are no known ways to prevent a boy from getting DMD.

H. There are 2 new researches that are going on. The first study are to examine young boys under the age of 3 and it is a 2 year study and the boys would be going through a 2 year study where doctors would see what the outcome of motor and mental development. The second study are to examine boys between the age of 7 and 22 who have DMD and are not walking any more.

The Jett Foundation
http://jettfoundation.org/events/text-dmd-to-90999-for-duchenne-research

Video
http://www.watchknow.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=27353

Work Cited Sources
http://www.ygyh.org/dmd/whatisit.htm
http://www.mdausa.org/disease/dmd.html
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11686
http://dictionary.webmd.com/terms/dystrophin
http://www.dircsa.org.au/tag/dmd/
http://quest.mda.org/news/dmd-progression-studied-very-young-and-nonwalkers

http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/d/duchennemd/symptoms.htm

Quiz:

1. What is the name of the French neurologist who studied DMD?

2. Name the 2 ways to slow down DMD?

3. How does a boy get DMD?

4. Can girls get this certain muscular disease?

5. There are 2 tests that a doctor goes through to find diagnose their patient. What do the 2 tests tell them?

Blog Post 6

1. My favorite geology topic this year was Earth's History because I liked to know what was here before I ever walked the Earth.

2. My favorite Meteorology topic was air pressure because I learned that air pressure is coming our direction in all directions, meaning that if we didnt have it, we would probably be flying or so.

3. My favorite Astronomy topic was Beyond Our Solar System. I loved this topic because it talked about black holes and worm hole and I just love talking about topics like those.

4. I think I earned an A on the final exam because I felt very confident about every answer I put on my paper. This morning, I studied for a while, going over my crossword puzzles and textbook.

Blog Post #5

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Blog Post 4

1. The place had a lot of things in it so it kept expanding and finally explored and everything started shooting every where which made it a bang.

2. I think that when you get inside one, it would look like you are still in space but the pressure from the black hole would crush you from your sides, killing you in matter of seconds.

3. I think worm holes do exist. When you arrive into one, probably one second after being inside, you would probably be sent into the past or future. this could let you change anything in the past but could cause other problems.

Blog Post #3

1. Radical Velocity, Astrometry, Transit Method, Opitical Detection.
2. Transit Method because it is more easier to me than the other methods.
3. The concept is to find planets in the Goldilocks Zone that are neither hot nor cold.
4. It would probably be all water with the land at the bottom of the oceans.
5. I believe in aliens because that I know that there has to be other living civilizations other than us, the people on earth. One thing that I do believe, is that there is a such thing as Area 51 and that the government is just trying to keep it undercover so people won't be all panicing about anything.

Blog Post #2

1. Hydrogen is the primary gas in Jovian Planets.
2. Carbon Dioxide is the primary gas in Venus and Mars.
3. If I could visit any planet in the universe, I would choose Mercury because I would get a good view of the Sun. This would be cool because I would be with no gravity and I wood be watching the Sun demolish asteriods and other things. The only thing about Mercury, is that it would be burning hot and would probably kill me the second that I get out the space shuttle.

Blog Post #1

Apollo Missions- I think the Apollo missions are interesting because it shows how determinated we were about getting to the moon and going out of space.

International Space Station- I think that this station is a step to peace with all of the other countries in the world. This project will unite everyone and we will make history by doing this. This space station is suppose to measure and research all the planets while still in space.

Aliens- I think there might be a chance of aliens because some people say that the government might be hiding information from us and I believe it. Like some people talk about Area 51 and that place might be a real location.

Universe Fate- People say that the sun will one day grow so big that it will be in the orbit of Mars, Earth, Venus, and Mercury, which means, no more life on Earth because the sun will burn everything that is living and walking.

Dwarf Planets- So far, scientist have named five dwarf planets and Pluto is one of them. Pluto is not a planet any more because they have found another object in the Kuiper Belt that is bigger than it and they still haven't found water on it.

Blog Post #6

1. My best blog is probably blog #1 because I was interested in the questions.
2. Air Mass because thats where all the good things were. It talked about what it was and what they use to measure it.
3. I deserve a 96 because I what the questions and I think I answered them right.

Wordle 4/13/10

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Blog #4

1. Trees are effecting us the most and the main one is oak.
2. Dry, windy weather is needed for the perfect pollen storm.
3. Malvales looks the best because it looks cool. This type of pollen is found all around the world. This is an order of flowering plants. Includes 6000 speices in 9 plant families. These plants are mostly strubs and trees

Blog Post 3

1. Solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and Bose-Einstein condensates
2. You need energy.
3. K- 0......C: -273.15....F: -459.67
4. The temperture in space is 3K
5. Plasma is a gas but hotter and looks like the light in a light bulb.

BlogPost 2

1. They are going to use rainwater collections, geothermal A/C and solar photovoltaic power systems.
2. Geothermal A/C- using steam and hot water to use as A/C
Rainwater Collection- Collection rainwater to use as water for a house
Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems- Solar panels
3. Energy
4. Humans are using a lot of energy and we are trying to make more.
5. To fix this problem, we could all contribute and give money to create new sources of energy by building by creating more dams and wind terbons. If we all did this, we could have more energy in no time.

Blog Post #1

1. Hurricane Katrina
2. Category 5
3. Formed by a tropical wave, an upper-level trough, and the mid-level remnants of Tropical Depression Ten. This stormed formed on August 23rd. This storm hit southern florida, southwestern mississippi, southern alabama, and southeast Louisiana. Katrina killed 1200 people.
4. $75 billion in damage and killed 1200 people

Blog Post #7

1. Blog Post 3 because i really knew that blog well.
2. 93 because I probably messed up on some things.
3. Chapter 14 because I liked to learn about the deep sea and how it looks and how its formed.

Blog #6

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Blog Post #5

1. It's Official: Asteroid Wiped Out the Dinosaurs, from Yahoo! News
2. The authors thesis is that a huge asteroid killed all the dinosaurs.
3. I agree with the author because there is no other things that says that something else did. So I say that the asteroid did wipe them out.

Oceanography Webquest

http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Bathymetry
1. What is a bathymetry map? What 3 devices are used to find this?
2. Why is a submersible better than a satellite?
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-sonar.htm
3. What does Sonar mean?
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/ocean/
4. Name all the oceans from smallest to largest?
http://www.ask.com/web?q=dictionary%3A+seamount&content=ahdict%7C49818&o=0&l=dir
5. What is a seamount?
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/continental+margin
6. What is the continental margin?
http://www.answers.com/topic/abyssal-plain
7. Explain what a abyssal plain is?
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_density_currents
8. What are density currents?
http://www.ask.com/web?q=dictionary%3A+upwelling&content=ahdict%7C53361&o=0&l=dir
9. What is upwelling?
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_Midocean_Ridge&alreadyAsked=1&rtitle=How_do_midocean_ridges_form
10. What is a mid-ocean ridge?

Blog Post # 4

1. Frederick McDonald Massiah was a engineer. He was one of the first successful black contractors in the United States.
2. Garrett Morgan- Traffic Signal
Burridge & Marshman- Typewriter
Granville T. Woods- Roller Coaster
3. Frederick Jones, he invented the portible air conditioner. This is significant because now you dont have to ride in your car with the windows down, you can just turn the a/c on.

Blog Post #3

1. All of the continents are close to each other but the difference is that Pangaea had everything connected and in Rodinia, was not together, meaning that everything was not connected.
2. The one that moved the fastest was the Pangaea 1, 350 and 420.
3. If the world looked like Pangaea today, there would be no over-seas traveling because everything would be stuck today. Their would also be no European teams because they would be combined with the U.S.
4. Gondwanaland because it is in the center of everything, which means you can start a capital their so everyone around you will report to the middle of the whole continent.

Blog Post #2

1. Cambrian, ordovician, silurian, devonian, mississippian, carboniferous, permian, triassic, jurassic, cretaceous, tertiary, quaternary.
2. Chicken, onions, strawberry, drink, mashed potatoes, cherry, people, track, juice, crab, tyre, questions
3. DAEBC